Bear Trap Canyon - Madison River

Exploring Bear Trap Canyon: A Detailed Guide to Floating the Madison River

Bear Trap Canyon, a remote and rugged section of the Madison River in southwest Montana, offers one of the state's most exhilarating whitewater experiences. This stretch is not only famous for its class III-IV rapids but also for its breathtaking scenery, solitude, and rich history. Whether you're an experienced paddler or a whitewater enthusiast, floating through Bear Trap Canyon provides a memorable adventure.

Overview

Bear Trap Canyon begins where the Madison River emerges from Ennis Lake and cuts through the Madison Range, nestled within the Lee Metcalf Wilderness. The float covers approximately 9 miles from the starting point at the dam to the takeout at the Warm Springs boat launch. Along the way, paddlers encounter scenic cliffs, wildlife, and some of the most famous rapids in the region.

Key Details and Resources

River Gauge: 06041000

American Whitewater Link: Bear trap Canyon: Madison Dam to Route 84

Put-In Location:

Madison Dam
- GPS Coordinates: 45.486578, -111.633465
- Access: From Highway 287, turn onto N Ennis Lake Road and follow the gravel road across the bridge, then taking a left to the dam. Parking is below the dam on the left hand side. You can enter here for double drop or walk down the road to the boat launch and floater registry box.

Take-Out Location:

Warm Springs Access Site
- GPS Coordinates: 45.585137, -111.593530
- Distance from Put-In: ~10 miles

Put-In

You'll put in right below the Madison Dam at the Bear Trap National Recreation Area, where the river’s character quickly shifts from calm to turbulent. As you leave the dam, the water begins to gather speed, setting the stage for a thrilling float down the canyon. Make sure you're prepared because, although scenic, this stretch of the river demands attention and skill.

Key Rapids and Features Along the Float

Double Drop (Class III-IV)

Distance from Put-In: Parallel to the car parking lot. First major rapid below the dam at most flows.
Description: Two distinct drops with a large boof rock on the left side of the second that a rider would want to avoid.
Key Tip: This rapid isn’t necessary to run and most put in below it at the boat launch.

Whitehorse Rapids (Class III)

Distance from Put-In: ~3 miles
Description: A long Class III section, Whitehorse offers fun waves and fast-moving water but doesn't present the same level of challenge as Kitchen Sink. It’s a great warm-up before hitting the more significant rapids downstream. The flow is strong but manageable for experienced paddlers.
Key Tip: Portage on the left

Kitchen Sink Rapid (Class IV)

Distance from Put-In: ~4.5 miles
Description: The most famous rapid in Bear Trap Canyon, Kitchen Sink is a powerful Class IV rapid. It gets its name from the idea that it throws "everything but the kitchen sink" at you, making it a must-see for thrill-seekers. This rapid features large waves, a drop, and a chaotic run that requires careful navigation.
Key Tip: Scout this rapid before running it. A dead tree hanging from the right shore indicates you are there. If you're unsure about running it, there's an option to portage on the right bank. You’ll find a well-trodden path that allows for an easier bypass.

Green Wave (Class III)

Distance from Put-In: ~5.5 miles
Description: Right after Kitchen Sink, the river settles momentarily before approaching Green Wave, a Class III rapid that brings a series of smooth, fast-breaking waves. It provides a welcome break from the more intense whitewater, allowing paddlers to enjoy the flow while still staying alert.

Refrigerator Canyon

Distance from Put-In: ~6.5 miles
Description: As the river narrows between towering cliffs, the temperature drops noticeably, hence the name Refrigerator Canyon. This section is not only a stunning landscape feature but also a calm stretch of water, perfect for taking in the views, spotting wildlife, and enjoying the serenity of the canyon before the final push toward the take-out.

Natural Features and Wildlife

Bear Trap Canyon is renowned for its rugged beauty. As you float through the canyon, you’ll pass sheer rock walls rising hundreds of feet above the river. The geology of this area is notable, with exposed formations that date back millions of years, creating a dramatic backdrop to your journey.

The area is part of the Lee Metcalf Wilderness, so it's rich in wildlife. Look out for bighorn sheep grazing along the cliffs, elk roaming the forests, bald eagles soaring above, and ospreys diving into the river for fish. You might also encounter black bears, mountain lions, and coyotes in the more secluded sections.

The Take-Out: Warm Springs Boat Launch

Take-Out Location:

Warm Springs Access Site
- GPS Coordinates: 45.585137, -111.593530
- Distance from Put-In: ~9 miles

The Warm Springs boat launch is the ideal spot to take out, as it's the first easily accessible point after passing through Bear Trap Canyon. The gravel road that leads back to Highway 84 makes this spot a convenient and popular take-out point for paddlers. Make sure to secure your vehicle here before starting your trip, as shuttle services in the area are limited.

Historical Context

Bear Trap Canyon has long been a significant location in Montana's natural and cultural history. It lies within the greater Madison River Valley, a region that has been inhabited by Native American tribes for centuries. The Madison River was once a prime hunting and fishing area for the Shoshone, Blackfeet, and Crow tribes. Later, in the 19th century, trappers, miners, and settlers explored the area, drawn by its abundant resources.

In 1966, the area was designated as part of the Lee Metcalf Wilderness, named after U.S. Senator Lee Metcalf, a leading conservationist who fought to protect the region from development. The wilderness area now protects thousands of acres of pristine land, ensuring that the wild nature of Bear Trap Canyon remains untouched for future generations.

Essential Information for Your Float

Length of Float: Approximately 9 miles
Duration: 3-5 hours, depending on water levels and stops
Best Time to Float: Late spring through summer (April to July) when flows are optimal for whitewater. Fall also offers a great experience, but water levels may be lower, making rapids more technical.
Permits and Fees: No permits are required to float Bear Trap Canyon, but if you plan to fish, you’ll need a valid Montana fishing license.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced. This section of the Madison River is not suitable for beginners due to its challenging rapids and remote nature. Proper safety gear, including helmets and PFDs, is essential.
Fishing: Bear Trap Canyon is also known for its excellent trout fishing. If you’re an angler, pack a rod and enjoy casting in the calmer sections of the river.

Final Thoughts

Floating Bear Trap Canyon is an unforgettable experience, offering a mix of adrenaline-pumping rapids, serene scenery, and rich history. As you navigate the whitewater and glide through the deep canyon, you'll be surrounded by nature's beauty at every turn. Whether you're there for the rapids or the solitude, this stretch of the Madison River is sure to leave you with lasting memories.

Safety Tip: Always check the river's flow conditions before heading out, and consider going with a group or an experienced guide if you’re unfamiliar with the area or the difficulty of the rapids.